Over 4000 free audio and video lectures, seminars and teaching resources from Oxford University.
Skip to Content Skip to Navigation

forced migration review

# Episode Title Description People Date
601 Creative Commons FMR 44 Predisposed to cooperate Recent research in Toronto and Geneva indicates that asylum seekers and refugees are predisposed to be cooperative with the refugee status determination (RSD) system and other immigration procedures. Cathryn Costello, Esra Kaytaz 03 Oct 2013
602 Creative Commons FMR 44 Thinking outside the fence The way in which we think about detention can shape our ability to consider the alternatives. What is needed is a shift in thinking away from place-based control and towards risk assessment, management and targeted enforcement. Robyn Sampson 03 Oct 2013
603 Creative Commons FMR 44 Immigration detention: looking at the alternatives Endangering the health and well-being of people by detaining them is unnecessary; governments can instead use community-based alternatives that are more dignified for migrants and more cost-effective for states. Philip Amaral 03 Oct 2013
604 Creative Commons FMR 44 Do higher standards of detention promote well-being? Sweden is generally considered to have high standards of immigrant detention. Irrespective of the high standards life in detention still poses a huge threat to the health and wellbeing of detained irregular migrants. Soorej Jose Puthoopparambil, Beth Maina-Ahlberg, Magdalena Bjerneld 03 Oct 2013
605 Creative Commons FMR 44 Women: the invisible detainees Research by the Women's Refugee Commission into immigration detention of women in the US explores why and how differences in treatment between men and women in detention matter. Michelle Brané, Lee Wang 03 Oct 2013
606 Creative Commons FMR 44 A last resort in cases of wrongful detention and deportation in Africa Where this is no viable forum to address human rights violations by African states, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights will consider such violations. Matthew C Kane, Susan F Kane 03 Oct 2013
607 Creative Commons FMR 44 Detention in Kenya: risks for refugees and asylum seekers Refugees and asylum seekers detained in Kenya risk multiple convictions and protracted detention due to poor coordination between immigration officials, police and prison officers. Lucy Kiama, Dennis Likule 03 Oct 2013
608 Creative Commons FMR 44 Detention of women: principles of equality and non-discrimination International principles of equality and non-discrimination must be applied to the UK's immigration detention system, which at present fails to meet even the minimum standards which apply in prisons. Ali McGinley 03 Oct 2013
609 Creative Commons FMR 44 Security rhetoric and detention in South Africa The South Africa example is instructive in demonstrating both the limits and the dangers of the increasing reliance on detention as a migration management tool. Roni Amit 03 Oct 2013
610 Creative Commons FMR 44 New European standards On 29 June 2013 the amended 'Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down standards for the reception of applicants for international protection (recast)' became law. Dersim Yabasun 03 Oct 2013
611 Creative Commons FMR 44 Threats to liberty in Germany Those seeking asylum in Germany face fast-track assessments, risk of immediate detention and deportation, and lengthy stays in 'communal shelters' scattered throughout Germany. Jolie Chai 03 Oct 2013
612 Creative Commons FMR 44 Closed detention in the Czech Republic: on what grounds? Despite relatively good conditions in the Czech Republic's closed detention facilities, serious questions should be asked about the justification for detention. Beata Szakacsova 03 Oct 2013
613 Creative Commons FMR 44 My story: indefinite detention in the UK When I fled civil war to come to the UK, I thought that I would be free but instead of helping me, the UK detained me for three years. William 03 Oct 2013
614 Creative Commons FMR 44 A return to the Pacific Solution Over the last 50 years, Australian governments have introduced a range of measures that seek to deter asylum seekers. Current practice sees asylum seekers once again detained in offshore detention in neighbouring countries. Fiona McKay 03 Oct 2013
615 Creative Commons FMR 44 Be careful what you wish for Can the promotion of liberal norms have an unintended and damaging impact on how states confront the challenges of irregular immigration? Michael Flynn 03 Oct 2013
616 Creative Commons FMR 44 Detention monitoring newly established in Japan Recently established monitoring committees in Japan are opening new channels of communication and opportunities for improvements in detention facilities. Naoko Hashimoto 03 Oct 2013
617 Creative Commons FMR 44 No change: foreigner internment centres in Spain Draft regulations for the running of Spain's Foreigner Internment Centres fall far short of the hopes and demands of those campaigning for better guarantees of the rights of detainees. Cristina Manzanedo 03 Oct 2013
618 Creative Commons FMR 44 Captured childhood States should develop alternatives to immigration detention to ensure that children are free to live in a community-based setting throughout the resolution of their immigration status. David Corlett 03 Oct 2013
619 Creative Commons FMR 44 The impact of immigration detention on children States often detain children without adequate attention to international law and in conditions that can be inhumane and damaging. Asylum-seeking and refugee children must have their rights protected. Alice Farmer 03 Oct 2013
620 Creative Commons FMR 44 Health at risk in immigration detention facilities Since 2004 Médecins Sans Frontières has provided medical and psychosocial support for asylum seekers and migrants held in different immigration detention facilities across Europe. Ioanna Kotsioni, Aurelie Ponthieu, Stella Egidi 03 Oct 2013
621 Creative Commons FMR 44 Voices from inside Australia's detention centres At the heart of the asylum debate in Australia there is little sense of the individual in question. People who had previously been asylum seekers in immigration detention express in their own words the impact that detention had on them. Melissa Phillips 25 Sep 2013
622 Creative Commons FMR 44 Establishing arbitrariness There is no understanding of what the term "arbitrary" entails; understanding it requires awareness of the different factors affecting how individual deprivations of liberty are examined and understood. Stephen Phillips 25 Sep 2013
623 Creative Commons FMR 44 Psychological harm and the case for alternatives Studies in countries around the world have consistently found high levels of psychiatric symptoms among imprisoned asylum seekers, both adults and children. Janet Cleveland 25 Sep 2013
624 Creative Commons FMR 44 Detention under scrutiny UNHCR's new detention guidelines challenge governments to rethink their detention policies and to consider alternatives to detention in every case. Alice Edwards 25 Sep 2013
625 Creative Commons FMR 44 From the editors From the editors. The editors 25 Sep 2013
626 Creative Commons FMR 43 Understanding refugees' concepts of sexual and gender-based violence Sexual and gender-based violence prevention campaigns that incorporate culturally sensitive understanding will stand a better chance of breaking down barriers to accessing services. Carrie Hough 09 Aug 2013
627 Creative Commons FMR 43 Emergency need for telecommunications support The Haiti experience challenged the international humanitarian community to take advantage of the possibilities of increasingly available and common communications technologies and networks, and to ensure access to the infrastructure enabling it to do so. Marianne Donven, Mariko Hall 09 Aug 2013
628 Creative Commons FMR 43 Poetry as women's resistance to the consequences of Bedouin displacement in Jordan Bedouin women are able to mitigate some of the consequences of that displacement through the opportunities and influence they have gained as Nabati poets. Maira Seeley 09 Aug 2013
629 Creative Commons FMR 43 Older people and displacement At all phases of the displacement cycle, flight, displacement and return, older people are exposed to specific challenges and risks which are not sufficiently taken into account. Piero Calvi-Parisetti 09 Aug 2013
630 Creative Commons FMR 43 Harming asylum seekers' chances through poor use of human rights treaties Over the past decade, UK courts and administrative tribunals have become increasingly comfortable relying on international human rights treaties in cases where non-citizens claim asylum or other means of protection from persecution. Stephen Meili 09 Aug 2013
631 Creative Commons FMR 43 Trails of Tears: raising awareness of displacement Trails of Tears have arisen to draw attention and give legitimacy to multiple movements for fairness and justice, hoping to create a community of support strong enough to rectify a past injustice or prevent a future one. Ken Whalen 09 Aug 2013
632 Creative Commons FMR 43 The arts in refugee camps: ten good reasons Refugees' involvement in artistic activity: music, theatre, poetry, painting, often plays a powerful positive role in their ability to survive physically and even emotionally and spiritually. Awet Andemicael 09 Aug 2013
633 Creative Commons FMR 43 Crisis in Lebanon: camps for Syrian refugees? Lebanon has absorbed the enormous Syrian influx but at a high cost to both refugees and Lebanese populations. Current humanitarian programmes can no longer cope and new approaches are needed. Jeremy Loveless 09 Aug 2013
634 Creative Commons FMR 43 State fragility, displacement and development interventions The development approach to displacement brings advantages not only in addressing the needs of refugees, IDPs and host communities but also in helping societies tackle the underlying aspects of fragility that may have caused the displacement. Yonatan Araya 09 Aug 2013
635 Creative Commons FMR 43 Psychiatric treatment with people displaced in or from fragile states Psychiatrists working to assess psychological distress and mental health in fragile states, or with refugees from fragile states, need to adopt flexible approaches. Verity Buckley 09 Aug 2013
636 Creative Commons FMR 43 Displacement in a fragile Iraq The post-Saddam Iraqi state enjoys only limited support from the population, excludes significant sections of its people from power, suppresses the opposition and does not protect citizens from arbitrary arrests, and corruption is rampant. Ali A K Ali 09 Aug 2013
637 Creative Commons FMR 43 Was establishing new institutions in Iraq to deal with displacement a good idea? The humanitarian, developmental and political consequences of decades of mass forced migration are part of the legacy that the current political leaders of Iraq need to address. Peter Van der Auweraert 09 Aug 2013
638 Creative Commons FMR 43 The curious case of North Korea Displacement and distress migration within and outside North Korea may be an indicator of state fragility but a reduction in numbers should not necessarily be read as a sign of improving conditions there. Courtland Robinson 09 Aug 2013
639 Creative Commons FMR 43 Data quality and information management in DRC Forced migration creates special challenges to collecting data and monitoring responses in fragile states where infrastructure and systems are weak or non-existent. Janet Ousley, Lara Ho 09 Aug 2013
640 Creative Commons FMR 43 Refugees from Central American gangs El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras are largely ignored by refugee agencies who underestimate transnational criminal organisation' abuses and powers of control, while overestimating national governments' ability and willingness to protect their citizens. Elizabeth G Kennedy 09 Aug 2013
641 Creative Commons FMR 43 Networked governance in Ecuador's border regions In order to improve security for both Colombian forced migrants and Ecuadorians, an approach that takes advantage of governance networks can allow residents to negotiate access to resources and rights that they otherwise would not be able to enjoy. Lana Balyk, Jeff Pugh 09 Aug 2013
642 Creative Commons FMR 43 Surviving the odds: education, commerce and development among displaced Somalis Private entrepreneurship and the disapora play important roles in supporting displaced people in fragile ungoverned situations. They are also valuable in helping those situations emerge from fragility. Abdirashid Duale 09 Aug 2013
643 Creative Commons FMR 43 Flight, fragility and furthering stability in Yemen Yemen is one of the world's most fragile states. Less well understood is how this context affects the vulnerability of refugees, IDPs and migrants themselves and what can be done to strengthen protection for them. Erin Mooney 09 Aug 2013
644 Creative Commons FMR 43 Humanitarian responses in the protection gap Often a combination of factors pushes people to leave their country, and the voluntary character of their departure remains debatable, challenging humanitarians both to meet needs and to adapt to changing categories of forced displacement. Aurelie Ponthieu, Katharine Derderian 09 Aug 2013
645 Creative Commons FMR 43 Post-disaster Haitian migration Those who left Haiti in the chaotic aftermath of the 2010 earthquake did not generally find the same posture of solidarity and humanitarianism overseas that was apparent in the significant international assistance that followed the disaster. Diana Thomaz 09 Aug 2013
646 Creative Commons FMR 43 The 'phantom state' of Haiti The fragile nature of the state had turned emigration into a major feature of Haitian life even before the earthquake displaced hundreds of thousands of people. Andreas E Feldmann 09 Aug 2013
647 Creative Commons FMR 43 The displaced claiming their rights in fragile states To date, displaced persons in fragile and conflict-affected states have had little success in claiming their rights for housing, land and property violations. Creative legal thinking and strategic litigation has the potential to change this. Antonia Mulvey 09 Aug 2013
648 Creative Commons FMR 43 Can Refugee Cessation be seen as a proxy for the end of state fragility? The cessation of refugee status results from a judgment that a sufficient change has occurred in the refugees' country of origin that they no longer require international protection. Georgia Cole 09 Aug 2013
649 Creative Commons FMR 43 'Everyone for themselves' in DRC's North Kivu While the international donor community has been trying to engage with DRC by partnering with the government to implement the New Deal for Aid Effectiveness for Fragile States, communities in DRC. Luisa Ryan, Dominic Keyzer 09 Aug 2013
650 Creative Commons FMR 43 Repeated displacement in eastern DRC The provision of some basic assistance in places to which people flee makes this process slightly easier but in the absence of state-led protection, multiple displacement has become a defining feature of the Kivu conflict. Fran Beytrison, Olivia Kalis 09 Aug 2013
651 Creative Commons FMR 43 Fragile states, collective identities and forced migration Governance and the rule of law should be vital considerations in attempts to deal with forced migration in fragile states such as DRC. Kelly Staples 09 Aug 2013
652 Creative Commons FMR 43 Fragile states and protection under the 1969 African Refugee Convention Current practice in African states highlights both the potential and the limitations of the 1969 African Refugee Convention in providing protection to persons displaced from fragile states. Tamara Wood 09 Aug 2013
653 Creative Commons FMR 43 Peace villages for repatriates to Burundi Burundi's peace villages, which are intended both as models for reintegration and as centres of economic development, have encountered a number of problems which are related to the country's continued fragility as a state. Jean-Benoît Falisse, René Claude Niyonkuru 09 Aug 2013
654 Creative Commons FMR 43 application/pdf iconPDF audio/mpeg iconMP3 Liberia: local politics, state building and reintegration of populations Interventions aiming to assist IDPs and refugees returning home in fragile states would do well to take note of the local political and economic contexts in the aftermath of war, because these deeply affect the reintegration of war-affected populations. Jairo Munive 09 Aug 2013
655 Creative Commons FMR 43 Displaced populations and their effects on regional stability A better understanding of state fragility, combined with improvements in policy and funding for displaced populations, is necessary to prevent the proliferation of further regional conflicts. Joe Landry 09 Aug 2013
656 Creative Commons FMR 43 How to engage constructively with fragile states Donors have allocated increasing resources in fragile states to the reform and/or rebuilding of the architecture of the state, such as justice systems, the police and army, and the management of ministries in efforts to support stability. Jon Bennett 09 Aug 2013
657 Creative Commons FMR 43 From the Editors From the editors. The editors 09 Aug 2013
658 Creative Commons FMR 42 Grantmaking for SOGI programmes With issues relating to sexual orientation and gender identity a relatively new field for funders, the opportunity exists for funders to exert strategic influence on the development of improved policy and practice. Andrew S Park 10 May 2013
659 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBT aid workers: deployment dilemmas LGBT aid workers and their managers confront a number of dilemmas in deciding whether LGBT staff will be safe - and accepted - working in certain countries. Anon 10 May 2013
660 Creative Commons FMR 42 Gender identity and disaster response in Nepal Agencies need to be mindful of the special needs of LGBTI victims of disasters in order to enhance protection and minimise unintended harmful consequences of relief efforts. Kyle Knight, Courtney Welton-Mitchell 10 May 2013
661 Creative Commons FMR 42 Protection in the city: some good practice in Nairobi Despite a challenging protection environment, an assistance programme for LGBTI refugees in Nairobi offers examples of good practice that could be replicated in other urban settings. Duncan Breen, Yiftach Millo 10 May 2013
662 Creative Commons FMR 42 Identity and integration in Israel and Kenya Expression of non-conforming sexual orientation and gender identity depends on social, legal, cultural and political opportunities which provide space for exploration and the emergence of new identities. People's protection will also depend on these. Yiftach Millo 10 May 2013
663 Creative Commons FMR 42 A model immigration detention facility for LGBTI? The US has taken some positive steps to improve the treatment of gay and transgender asylum seekers in immigration detention but could make improvements in four key areas. Christina Fialho 10 May 2013
664 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBTI migrants in immigration detention As states increasingly use detention as a means of controlling migration flows, sexual minority migrants find themselves in detention facilities where they may face multiple violations of their human rights. Shana Tabak, Rachel Levitan 10 May 2013
665 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBT refugee resettlement in the US: emerging best practices US refugee resettlement agencies are directing more attention and effort toward assisting LGBT refugees and asylum seekers, and best practices are beginning to emerge. Scott Portman, Daniel Weyl 10 May 2013
666 Creative Commons FMR 42 Towards inclusive resettlement for LGBTI refugees Practical initiatives, such as creating a welcoming space, ensuring confidentiality, training staff, providing critical resources and fostering inclusive workplaces, can promote a more humane resettlement experience. Jennifer Rumbach 10 May 2013
667 Creative Commons FMR 42 City planning for sexual diversity: new policies in Bogotá In 2009 the city council of Bogotá introduced a policy to guarantee equal rights for LGBT people in the city. Marcela Ceballos, Juan Carlos Prieto 10 May 2013
668 Creative Commons FMR 42 Kosovo: what does the future hold for LGBT people? States considering such claims need to look beyond Kosovo's apparently progressive constitution to the rather different reality on the ground. Agathe Fauchier 10 May 2013
669 Creative Commons FMR 42 Assessing transgender asylum claims It can be challenging for all asylum seekers to demonstrate that they are at risk of persecution but perhaps even more so for transgender applicants. Jhana Bach 10 May 2013
670 Creative Commons FMR 42 Challenges to producing LGB-specific Country of Origin Information Evaluations of whether LGB asylum claimants have a well-founded fear of persecution frequently require Country of Origin Information but information on LGB populations in countries where being LGB is criminalised is often difficult to obtain. Christian Pangilinan 10 May 2013
671 Creative Commons FMR 42 Asylum for persecuted homosexuals in the Republic of Korea Two recent successful claims for asylum suggest that the Republic of Korea may be prepared to serve in the future as an important country of asylum for those suffering persecution due to their sexual orientation. Andrew Wolman 10 May 2013
672 Creative Commons FMR 42 Resources for those representing asylum claims on grounds of sexual orientation Resources for those representing asylum claims on grounds of sexual orientation. Editors 10 May 2013
673 Creative Commons FMR 42 Barriers to justice in the UK In recent years, there have been significant legal advances in the treatment of the cases of lesbian and gay asylum seekers in the UK. However, significant barriers still remain. Charlotte Mathysse 10 May 2013
674 Creative Commons FMR 42 Seeking asylum in the UK: lesbian perspectives Many aspects of the UK asylum process can be confusing, disempowering and traumatic for lesbian asylum seekers. Recent research examines the impacts of this process on their experiences, their identity and their well-being. Claire Bennett, Felicity Thomas 10 May 2013
675 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBT refugee protection in the UK: from discretion to belief? The UK government used to have no specific guidance or training for decision-makers for claims brought on the grounds of sexual orientation. It was only in 2010 that specific policy guidance was speedily issued and significant progress was seen. Amanda Gray, Alexandra McDowall 10 May 2013
676 Creative Commons FMR 42 Sexual orientation and gender identity: developments in EU law The amended version of the EU Qualification Directive, adopted in 2011, marks further progress in ensuring LGBTI applicant' rights by explicitly adding gender identity alongside sexual orientation as a cause of persecution. Evangelia (Lilian) Tsourdi 10 May 2013
677 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBTI refugees: the Brazilian case Public policies in defence and in favour of LGBT people are neither sufficient nor effective in reducing homophobic violence in Brazil. Henrique Rabello de Carvalho 10 May 2013
678 Creative Commons FMR 42 Global human rights frameworks applicable to LGBTI migrants Although no international legal instrument exists to specifically protect the human rights of LGBTI individuals, over recent years international legal bodies have interpreted basic human rights provisions to apply to LGBTI populations. Shana Tabak, Rachel Levitan 10 May 2013
679 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBTI asylum claims - the Central and Eastern European perspective Low levels of awareness, lack of guidance and cultural hostility are jeopardising asylum seekers' prospects for fair treatment. Anna Śledzińska-Simon, Krzysztof Śmiszek 10 May 2013
680 Creative Commons FMR 42 "On what grounds?" LGBT asylum claims in Canada A number of positive developments have occurred over the past two decades to create more robust protection and community support within Canada, but recent legislative changes will jeopardise fairness and justice for LGBT refugee claimants. Sharalyn Jordan, Chris Morrissey 10 May 2013
681 Creative Commons FMR 42 The Rainbow Group in Mae La camp Discrimination, verbal abuse and physical and sexual violence follow Burmese LGBTI people who cross into Thailand to seek shelter in camps. Moses 10 May 2013
682 Creative Commons FMR 42 Mental health challenges of LGBT forced migrants Mental health providers can assist in documenting the psychological impact of anti-LGBT persecution and its impact on the ability to secure refugee status. Ariel Shidlo, Joanne Ahola 10 May 2013
683 Creative Commons FMR 42 New UNHCR SOGI Guidelines New UNHCR SOGI Guidelines. Editors 10 May 2013
684 Creative Commons Fmr 42 Ensuring protection for LGBTI Persons of Concern There needs to be greater awareness not only of the specific protection concerns relating to LGBTI individuals but also of related jurisprudence and guidance available for UN staff, partners, state authorities and decision-makers. Volker Türk 10 May 2013
685 Creative Commons FMR 42 LGBT: equally entitled to human rights and dignity Recognition that LGBT rights are universal rights is gaining ground. The trend, finally, is positive. But greater respect for LGBT rights and inclusion of LGBT people still is not a worldwide movement. Anne C Richard 10 May 2013
686 Creative Commons FMR 42 From the editors From the editors. Editors 08 May 2013
687 Creative Commons FMR 41 Challenging RSD clients' preferences for foreign service providers Organisations that provide legal services to refugees and asylum seekers face the challenge of responding ethically to clients' requests to be assisted by foreigners as opposed to by nationals in country offices. Christian Pangilinan 08 May 2013
688 Creative Commons FMR 41 Overseas cultural orientation programmes and resettled refugees' perceptions Resettled refugees often have misconceptions about their potential for self-sufficiency in the United States, and experience adjustment problems after their arrival. Julie M Kornfeld 08 May 2013
689 Creative Commons FMR 41 Are refugees an economic burden or benefit? Governments emphasise the negative impacts and costs but these, although undeniable and well documented, are only part of the picture. Roger Zetter 08 May 2013
690 Creative Commons FMR 41 From the Nansen Principles to the Nansen Initiative The Nansen Initiative launched in October 2012 aims to build consensus among states about how best to address cross-border displacement in the context of sudden- and slow-onset disasters. Walter Kälin 08 May 2013
691 Creative Commons FMR 41 Lessons from mobilisation around slum evictions in Tanzania A study of forced urban eviction in Tanzania shows that grassroots mobilisation alone may be unable to confront the challenges of displacement and that there are risks when mobilisation around displacement is premised on unrealistic expectations. Michael Hooper 08 May 2013
692 Creative Commons FMR 41 Making work safe for displaced women Understanding risk factors and protection strategies allows practitioners to ensure appropriate programme design and implementation for displaced women. Dale Buscher 08 May 2013
693 Creative Commons FMR 41 From a lab in Luxembourg to satellites in South Sudan A new communications platform for use in humanitarian emergencies made its debut in January 2012 in South Sudan, and is now being deployed elsewhere. Emergency.lu aims to be a global inter-agency tool. Marianne Donven, Mariko Hall 08 May 2013
694 Creative Commons FMR 41 North Koreans in China in need of international protection Ihe international community needs to reconsider how it might better work towards securing protection for North Koreans. Some may be political refugees, others 'refugees sur place'. Roberta Cohen 08 May 2013
695 Creative Commons FMR 41 The conveniently forgotten human rights of the Rohingya As stateless Rohingya in Burma face containment in IDP camps and within their homes and communities in what is effectively segregation, their human rights are on the whole being ignored. Natalie Brinham 08 May 2013
696 Creative Commons FMR 41 East African refugees adapting to life in the UK This article reflects on the first-hand life experiences of refugees of East/Horn of Africa origin on arrival in the UK. The experiences, some of which could be seen as humorous or sad, may be informative and relevant for other practitioners. Samuel Bekalo 08 May 2013
697 Creative Commons FMR 41 Attempts to prevent displacement in the occupied Palestinian territories Prevention has become a strategy increasingly adopted by the humanitarian community in addressing forced displacement in the occupied Palestinian territories and responding to immediate emergency needs for families displaced or at risk. Karim Khalil 08 May 2013
698 Creative Commons FMR 41 Natural disasters and indigenous displacement in Bolivia Those seeking to understand and address the reasons for growing numbers of displaced indigenous people in Bolivia should consider the relationship between traditional knowledge and the impacts of climate change. Ludvik Girard 08 May 2013
699 Creative Commons FMR 41 Property restitution in Colombia The Colombian government has established a legal framework to prevent further displacement. The rebuilding of community relationships and institutional trust are central to the success of this approach. Eduardo Medina 08 May 2013
700 Creative Commons FMR 41 The role of women defenders of human rights in Colombia Women in Colombia are increasingly being attacked because of their efforts to defend human rights and to bring an end to the conflict and displacement in their country. Juanita Candamil, Claudia María Mejía Duque 08 May 2013